UPI and RuPay driving US payment platforms like Visa and MasterCard out of the Indian market : US Trade Representative's 2026 report
The Taxation and Other Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026, introduced by the Modi government, eliminates the statutory guarantee that had so far kept UPI transactions fee-free. It paves the way for imposing a merchant discount rate (MDR), which could easily be applied in the future to all types of digital payments. The burden of this will ultimately fall on ordinary people, who may now have to pay even for using UPI.
The Modi government's claim that this is the only way to keep UPI financially sustainabl
e is entirely wrong. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has sufficient capacity to maintain the UPI system on a financially sustainable basis without imposing any additional fees on merchants or consumers. In 2025-26, the RBI had transferred a surplus of ₹2.86 lakh crore to the Modi government. Just a small portion of this amount would be enough to support this vital digital public infrastructure.
e is entirely wrong. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has sufficient capacity to maintain the UPI system on a financially sustainable basis without imposing any additional fees on merchants or consumers. In 2025-26, the RBI had transferred a surplus of ₹2.86 lakh crore to the Modi government. Just a small portion of this amount would be enough to support this vital digital public infrastructure.
In fact, the real reason behind this amendment is perhaps even more concerning. This step has been taken following the U.S. Trade Representative's 2026 report, which criticized the fee-free nature of UPI and RuPay and accused them of driving American payment platforms like Visa and MasterCard out of the market. Is the Modi government, under pressure from its good friend Donald Trump, seeking to weaken UPI and open up the digital payments sector to American companies?
And this wouldn't be the first time. Donald Trump has publicly claimed more than 100 times that he pressured the Modi government into securing a sudden ceasefire during Operation Sindoor by threatening American tariffs. The United States has also claimed that India's gradual reduction in oil imports from Russia is a result of President Trump's directives. We also know that the Modi government, bowing to President Trump's bullying, accepted a trade agreement between India and the United States that was widely regarded as unfair and which particularly sacrificed the interests of our farmers and small businesses.



